What Is Hydrosalpinx? A Full Guide to Fallopian Tube-Related Infertility
Hydrosalpinx refers to a blockage at the end of the fallopian tube that prevents secretions from draining out. Over time, the tube becomes swollen with fluid. This condition is usually caused by pelvic infections, inflammation, or adhesions.
The fallopian tube is where sperm meets the egg for fertilization. It must be unobstructed for the fertilized egg to reach the uterus for implantation. When there’s adhesion or blockage due to fluid accumulation, natural conception becomes impossible. Fallopian tube conditions account for 25%–35% of female infertility, with more than half of those caused by salpingitis (inflammation of the tube).
Women more likely to develop hydrosalpinx include those who
－Have endometriosis (such as chocolate cysts), uterine fibroids, or pelvic inflammation
－Have had C-sections or surgical abortions that led to uterine infections
－Have had multiple sexual partners or early sexual activity, increasing the risk of chlamydia
－Use intrauterine devices (IUDs) (only when infection has occurred)
Symptoms & Examination for Hydrosalpinx
Hydrosalpinx usually doesn’t cause pain unless there’s active inflammation. After the infection, residual fluid buildup may cause post-period spotting or prolonged bleeding.
Hysterosalpingography（HSG） is the first-line diagnostic tool, helping evaluate whether the tubes are patent. Laparoscopy can later be used for more detailed examination and treatment.
Can’t Get Pregnant Naturally with Hydrosalpinx
Once the tube is swollen and blocked, sperm and egg cannot meet, and natural pregnancy is not possible. In severe cases, surgical removal or disconnection of the fallopian tube is recommended, followed by IVF.
Some may consider clearing the tube, but the success rate is low, and there’s a high risk of re-adhesion or fluid returning. In addition, a damaged fallopian tube increases the risk of ectopic pregnancy. Therefore, removal or disconnection is considered the best solution.
Hydrosalpinx Fluid Reduces Embryo Implantation
The accumulated fluid may flow back into the uterus, physically washing away the embryo or causing chemical changes, which reduce implantation success rates by up to 50% during IVF. Whether pursuing natural pregnancy or assisted reproduction, it’s crucial to treat hydrosalpinx first through tubal disconnection or removal before embryo transfer.
IVF Is the Best Option for Pregnancy
With today’s advancements in reproductive medicine, IVF bypasses the fallopian tube and directly places embryos into the uterus, making pregnancy possible even when natural conception fails.
Infertility Treatment
Trying to conceive for over a year with no success?
There are many causes of infertility: PCOS, premature ovarian failure, low egg reserve…
A simple AMH blood test can reveal your ovarian reserve!
IVF Process
IVF cost varies depending on medication type, dosage, and test requirements.
A full cycle generally costs around NT$150,000–200,000.
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