Semen analysis is relatively simple. If infertility is suspected, it is recommended to start with semen analysis.
In cases of infertility, issues on the male side are not uncommon. For couples struggling to conceive, the male partner should begin with a semen analysis and review his reproductive history. If intercourse has been regular for over a year without pregnancy, a basic evaluation can help identify abnormalities.
Semen analysis is the most basic tool to determine whether a male has fertility issues. According to the 2010 WHO standards (which have been revised downward, reflecting a global decline in sperm quality), the normal reference values are as follows:
Semen volume
≥1.4 ml
PH
≥7.2
Sperm concentration
≥16 million/ml
Total sperm count
≥39 million
Motility
Progressive motility ≥42% or rapid progressive motility ≥30%
Sperm viability
≥54%
If the initial history or screening suggests abnormalities, further advanced testing is recommended to clarify the exact cause and appropriate treatment.
Treatment recommendations based on sperm count
Assuming morphology and motility are normal, fertility treatment based solely on sperm count can follow these guidelines:
Over 400 million
Timed intercourse
Between 400 and 5 million
IUI (intrauterine insemination)
Between 5 million and 500,000
IVF (in vitro fertilization)
Below 500,000
ICSI (intracytoplasmic sperm injection)
A complete male fertility assessment includes past medical history, reproductive history, and a physical exam of the reproductive organs.
The male’s past medical history (including systemic conditions, family reproductive history, use of anabolic steroids, medications, tobacco, alcohol, etc.) is considered a risk factor for male infertility. Lifestyle habits and patterns are also strongly related to infertility.
Advanced male fertility evaluation may include:
－Endocrine assessment
－Post-ejaculatory urine analysis
－Ultrasound
－Specialized sperm and semen testing
－Seminal leukocyte count
－Sperm viability test
－Sperm DNA
－Sperm DNA fragmentation
Genetic screening
Additionally, men with azoospermia or oligospermia may have underlying genetic abnormalities. Whether male or female, if initial screening indicates potential genetic issues, genetic counseling is advised.
🔹 Reminder:
The medical services above are for reference only. Actual treatment must be evaluated and arranged by a professional physician based on individual conditions. To learn more about the treatments offered at Huayu IVF Clinic, feel free to join our official LINE account and we will assist you as soon as possible.
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